Textile process



Patented May 26, 1936 PATENT OFFICE TEXTHE PROCESS George Schneider, Montclair, N. 1;, asslgnor to Celaneoe Corporation of America, a corporation of Delaware i No Drawing.

:1 Claims.

This invention relates to a process of improving the properties of textile materialsby incorporating in or applying thereto a polymerized oil or the like. 7

An object of the invention is the production of a yarn or the like which knits or weaves unlformly.

Another object is the formation of a yarn or fabric which readily and evenly takes'a dye and one which delusters easily. Other objects will be apparent from the following description. My invention is applicable to artificial yarns and the like of organic derivatives of cellulose by applying to the same the polymerized oil with a softener or swelling agent to incorporate; it therein, by applying the polymerized oil to the surface of the yarn as a coating, or by adding it to the solution from which artificial films or filaments are made.

My invention is applicable to the treatment of yarns or filaments, underwhich' terms are included threads, assemblies or bundles of a number of continuous filaments which may be in parallel relationship or which may be twisted together, artificial bristles, straws, short lengths of staple fibres, and yarn spun from such' staple fibres. V

This invention is particularly of importance in connection with the production of yarns or filaments made of organic esters of cellulose and cellulose ethers. Examples of cellulose esters are cellulose acetate, cellulose formate', cellulose propionate and cellulose butyrate, while examples of cellulose ethers are ethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose and benzyl cellulose, The invention is also applicable to yarns or filaments made of reconsituted cellulose. l

The polymerized oil may be applied to yarns or added to the spinning solution for forming sam- 40 thetic yarns, which yarn or spinning solution may have therein effect materials such as pigments, filling materials; dyes or lakes; lire re.- tardants such as beta chlomaphthalene, triphenyl phosphate or tricresyl phosphate. The

45 efiect materials and fire retardants may also be applied as coatings before or after the application of my invention.

By utilization of my invention in connection with synthetic yarn, there is produced a yarn 50 having substantially lnormal tenacity and elongation and which dyes darker and more readily than normal yarn. The polymerized oil, besides affecting the characteristics, such as the shape and type formed, acts as a solvent fqr the colors.

55 thereby aiding in their dispersion. The yarn treated according to my invention requires less dye than normal yarn to obtain a similar shade. Yarn treated according to my invention is very easily delustered, exhibiting a pronounced 6 loss of lustre when subjected to conditions under Application September 14, 1933, Serial No. 889,403 I which normal yarn exhibits but a faint or doubtful trace of delustre.

A textile knitted from the yarn processed in accordance with this invention has a very soft handle and does not feel sticky to the hand. The yarn knits with a free stitch and gives a fabric which has a very much smaller number of pin holes, etc., than is obtained with normal yarn under similar conditions.

In accordance with my invention, I propose to add to" the spinning solution for the formation of artificial filaments, sheets and the like between 1 and 20% of a polymerized oil such as castor oil and like oils.

It was found that many of the oils, such as castor oil, polymerized more readily in the presence of catalyst such as the metals cobalt, cerium or vanadium, or acids such as boric acid or the acids of the third group of the periodic table. There are methods of removing the catalyst, from the polymerized oil but this is unnecessary in their use in accordance with my invention. Although certain beneficial results are obtained in using the polymer of a highly purified oil and also in removing the catalyst from the polymerized oil, there are also additional beneficial results obtained by leaving the catalyst in the polymerized oil.

By polymerized oil I mean to include gels or colloids formed from the oils.

By way of illustrating my invention still further but without limiting its scope thereby, I give the following specific examples:

Example I A spinning charge was prepared by dissolving cellulose acetate in 95/5, acetone /H20, so that a 26% solution of cellulose acetate was obtained. To this solution was added 10% of castor oil polymerized withboric acid as catalyst, the amount of oil being calculated on the weight of the cellulose acetate in the solution, the polymerized oil also containing the catalyst employed in the polymerization thereof. After the usual also the filtration through filter presses and the like, the

charge was dry spun. The spinning stability was. an improvement over normal spinning solutions. The yarn appeared normal and bright but took dye more readily and dyed to a darker shade than normal yarn. The yarn has a great advantage over normal yarn in that it takes a dye quicker and more evenly and is easily delustered. The yarn was successfully knitted into a 45 course fabric with 12 feeds.

Example I! in monoethylether of ethylene glycol was applied to the yarn at the spinning cabinet by means of a roller. The treated yarn was aged 5 days and knitted on a 20" diameter 12 feed machine. The

fabric was dyed and scoured. The fabric had a soft handle and was free from pin holes and dyed more readily and evenly than normal fabric.

It is found that 5% of the polymerized oil does not gumthe filaments together and the yarn finished therewith has quite a softer handle than normal yarn and does not feel sticky to the hand.

Example III Same as Example II except that a 50/50 mixture of polymerized oil with a wax-like body (diglycol stearate) was applied to the yarn. The

yarn was finished with 5% of the mixture applied from a 35% solution of butyl acetate at 50 C.

A very much improved fabric having a good knit and a soft handle was formed from the yarn may be used alone or any number of them may be mixed with the polymerized oil and in any percentage, preferably, however, in ratios between 25/75 and 75/25.

The polymerized oils may be incorporated in the spinning solution or in the yarn spun from I any solvent compatible therewith such as acetone,

butyl acetate, monoethyl ether of ethylene glycol etc. when used with or on cellulose acetate. Both the polymerized oils and mixtures of these with the wax-like bodies may be applied from solvents having an evaporation rate and polarity similar to butyl acetate.

The oils may be polymerized or gelled to any consistency from a liquid through paste to a solid.

In the preferred form, as when using castor oil-' boric acid, the oil is polymerized to a light strawcolored rigid gel whichin spite of its rigidity, after breaking or cutting is yet capable of healing back to a single solid piece. i

It is to be understood that the foregoing detailed description is given merely by way of illustration and that many variations may be made therein without departing from the spirit of my invention.

Having described my invention, what I desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. The process of producing artificial textile material ofimproved properties comprising adding to the textile material a polymerized but substantially non-oxidized oil.

2. The process of producing artificial yarns and filaments of improved properties comprising incorporating a polymerized but substantially nonoxidized oil in said artificial yarns and filaments.

3. The process of producing artificial yarns and filaments of improved properties comprising adding apolymerized but'substantially non-oxidized oil to a spinning solution and forming the filaments therefrom.

4. The process of improving the properties of a textile material which comprises incorporating in the textile material containing organic derivatives of cellulose a polynfierized but substantially non-oxidized oil and a wax-like body.

5. The process of improving the properties of yarns or filaments containing cellulose acetate comprising applying thereto 1 to 20% of polymerized but substantially non-oxidized oil.

6. The process of improving the properties of 5 yarns or filaments containing cellulose acetate, comprising applying thereto a polymerized but substantially non-oxidized oil and a wax-like body.

7. The process of improving the properties of artificial material containing a cellulose deriva tive which comprises treating the material with a swelling agent and a polymerized but substantially non-oxidized oil.

8. The process of improving the properties of i5 artificial materials containing a derivative of cellulose which comprises treating the material with a swelling agent, a polymerized but substantially non-oxidized oil and a wax-like body.

9. The process of improving the properties of artificial. textile materials comprising applying thereto a polymerized but substantially non-oxidized oil in a solvent.

10. The process of improving the properties of textile materials comprising adding thereto an oil 25 that has been polymerized in the presence of a catalyst, the catalyst remaining in the polymerized oil'.

11. The process of improving the properties of textile materials comprising adding thereto a 30 wax-like body and an oil that has been polymerized in the presence of a catalyst, the catalyst remaining in the polymerized oil.

12. The process of improving the properties of textile materials containing organic derivatives of 35 cellulose comprising adding thereto castor oil that has been polymerizedv in the presence of a boric acid catalyst, the boric acid catalyst remaining in the polymerized oil 13. The process of improving the properties of 40 textile materials containing cellulose J acetate comprising adding thereto a wax-like body and castor oil that has been polymerized in the presence of a boric acid catalyst, the boric acid catalyst remaining in the'polymerized oil. 45

14. Artificial yarns and filaments of improved textile properties containing a polymerized but substantially non-oxidized oil.

15. Artificial yarns and filaments of improved textilaproperties containing a polymerized castor 5 oil and a wax-like body.

16. Yarns I and filaments containing derivatives of cellulose and polymerized but substan tially non-oxidized oil. 55

17. Yarns and filaments containing cellulose acetate and polymerized castor oil.

18. The process of producing artificial textile material of improved prcpertiescomprising adding to the textile material polymerized castor oil. 60

.- 19. The process of producing artificial yarns and filaments of improved properties comprising incorporating polymerized castor oil in saio a.- ficial yarns and filaments.

20. The process of improving the properties 01' .5 yarns or filaments containing cellulose acetate comprising applying thereto 1 to 20% of polymerized castor oil.

'21. The process of improving the properties of 7 textile materials comprising adding thereto castor oil that has been polymerized, in the presence of a catalyst, the catalyst remaining in the polymerized castor oil.

, GEORGE SCHNEIDER. 75

CERTIFIC TE OF CORRECTION.

Patent No. 2,041 728.

May 25, 1936. """oEoRoE SCHNEIDER.

It is hereby certified that er 'oi appears in the-printed specification of the above nfim bered patent rquiring correction as follows Page 1 first tolumn; line 54, before "foffned" insert the words of the filaments; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform the record of the case in the Fate-mt Office Signed and! sealed this, 21st day of July, A. D. 1956.

Henry Van Arsdale (Seal) Acting Commissioner of Patents. 

